Disease causes deer deaths as hunting season begins
BY TERI BURTON
THE DICKSON HERALD
Tennessee’s deer archery season opened Sept. 22.
But how many deer are left out there?
According to the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency, the state is losing tens of thousands of deer from its more than 1 million in state deer population.
Regional offices say they are receiving reports of dead deer in many areas of the state and so far 70 counties, including Dickson County, have reported deer loss due to what experts said is Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHD), which occurs regularly in Tennessee.
But this year the problem is worse because of the months-long extreme drought, which caused a major loss in forage for deer to feed on, stressing them out and making them susceptible to the disease, officials said yesterday.
TWRA Big Game Coordinator Daryl Ratajczak said reports of dead deer began coming in earlier than usual this year.
“What makes this year a little alarming is that the reports started coming in early August, several weeks earlier than usual,” he said.
He said the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study at the University of Georgia in Athens has analyzed samples from these deer and the diagnosis comes as no surprise.
Some years there is virtually no sign of EHD, and others, like this year, it seems to be everywhere, Ratajczak said. Reports to TWRA offices indicate mortality of deer in at least 70 counties, including Dickson and surrounding counties, with more expected as the season progresses, he said.
Janet Harris, who lives in Charlotte and is the county’s recycling coordinator, said she’s having a problem with buzzards at her home and that could be due to dead dear.
“They may be dying on the property,” Harris said. “I asked my husband, ‘if you shoot a deer this year we couldn’t eat it, could we?’ I thought they were dying from that wasting disease but he said they’re dying from something else. Several, I know, the drought has taken. With nothing much to eat it’s probably going to get worse. They have no acorns: their buds were all destroyed back when we had that hard freeze.”
Ratajczak said the disease is transmitted by a small insect called a midge. The insect bites the deer but the deer do not spread EHD within the herds.
He said white-tailed deer that have survived EHD are fine for human consumption.
“Although it is unfortunate, EHD die-offs are part of a completely natural cycle that has been occurring for eons. The deer obviously deal with it, we must deal with it as well,” Ratajczak said.
TWRA Wildlife Disease Coordinator Roger Applegate said the agency often starts getting the dead deer reports in the last week of August and first part of September.
“However, the most important thing for hunters, landowners, and the public to know is that this is a regular and natural event that routinely afflicts white-tailed deer and that it is not transmissible to humans or any other animals,” he said. “The public also need not be overly concerned about the fate of the deer because any reduction in deer numbers in a local area will easily be made up within a couple of years.”
Applegate went on to say white-tailed deer have adapted to EHD, thus passing immunity along to their fawns and increasing that immunity for several years before another die-off occurs.
White-tailed deer have adapted to EHD. Does that survive an infection of the EHD virus will pass along immunity to their fawns and foster an increase in immunity for several years before another die-off occurs.
The EHD disease cycle begins with the virus being transmitted to deer by a midge; a small biting fly that humans recognize as “no-seeums,” Applegate said.
“The virus causes depression, fever, respiratory distress and swelling of the neck or tongue. Those deer that survive these ills may slowly lose appetite and/or become lame, which could last for several weeks before the deer die or shake off the disease,” Applegate said.“Due to the already stressful conditions caused by the drought, we can expect to see die-offs as high as 40 percent in some highly localized areas.”
What: Tennessee’s deer hunting season begins Sept. 22, but the deer population is dying off rapidly due to Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHD).
EHD occurs regularly in Tennessee but this year the problem is worse because of the extreme drought, which caused a major food loss for deer that stressed them, making them susceptible to the disease.
Hunter info: Archery dates in Middle and West Tennessee are Sept. 22–Oct. 26, Oct. 29‑Nov. 2, Nov. 10-16 and Dec. 10‑14.
The TWRA urges all archery hunters to pick up a 2007 Tennessee Hunting and Trapping Guide to review and become familiar with the counties and bag limits for each of the different deer management units.
Hunters are reminded that they must possess the appropriate licenses and permits. Hunters born on or after Jan. 1, 1969 must also show proof they have successfully completed a hunter education course.